Centerless cylindrical grinder, commonly referred to as centerless grinder, supports the workpiece between the guide wheel and the trailer, and is driven to rotate by the guide wheel. When the width of the grinding wheel is ≤ 250mm, it is generally installed at the end of the spindle, and when the width is>250mm, it is installed in the middle of the spindle. The maximum width of the grinding wheel can reach 900mm. The grinding wheel rotates at high speed, and the guide wheel rotates in the same direction as the grinding wheel at a slower speed, driving the workpiece to rotate for circular feed.

    There are three main grinding methods for centerless cylindrical grinders; Through type, cut in type, cut in one through type, and through type centerless grinding. The workpiece is fed along the axis direction of the grinding wheel for grinding. Adjust the small inclination angle of the guide wheel axis to achieve axial feed of the workpiece. Suitable for grinding slender cylindrical workpieces. Short shafts and sleeve type workpieces without central holes. Cut in centerless grinding. There is an axial positioning fulcrum on the pallet, and the workpiece is supported at a certain position on the pallet for grinding with a grinding wheel or guide wheel. Used for grinding workpieces with shaft shoulders or bosses, as well as conical, spherical, or other rotating workpieces. One through type centerless grinding is a combination of these two. In addition, there are tangent feed grinding and end face feed grinding that allows stepped workpieces to advance and retreat in the axial direction. The productivity of the centerless cylindrical grinder is relatively high. Mostly used for mass production and easy to achieve automation.

　　无心磨床机构性能与普通外圆磨床相比较有下列特点。

　　1. It can be processed continuously without the need for tool retraction, and the copying time for clamping workpieces is short, resulting in high productivity.

　　2. The positioning mechanism of the bracket and guide wheel has better support rigidity than the top and center frame mechanisms of ordinary cylindrical grinders, with a larger cutting amount, and is conducive to the processing of slender shaft workpieces, making it easy to achieve high-speed grinding and strong grinding.

　　3. The workpiece of the centerless cylindrical grinder is positioned on the positioning mechanism by the outer circle, and the grinding amount is the margin on the diameter of the workpiece. Therefore, the wear of the grinding wheel, the compensation of the feed mechanism, and the repeated positioning accuracy error of the cutting mechanism have only half of the impact on the diameter and size accuracy of the part compared to ordinary cylindrical grinders. It does not require a center hole and is easy to automate loading and unloading in advance.

　　4. The wide grinding wheel centerless grinder has a pass through mechanism that can increase the machining allowance each time. It can perform sequential or multi wheel grinding on complex surfaces during cutting in grinding, with high productivity and wide applicability.

　　5. The centerless cylindrical grinder does not have a mechanism to ensure the relative positional accuracy (coaxiality, perpendicularity, etc.) between the ground surface and the non ground surface, resulting in poor roundness when grinding circumferential discontinuous outer surfaces.

　　6. Grinding surfaces can easily produce odd numbered edge roundness, and when it is large, it often creates the illusion that the measured size is smaller than the maximum physical size, which affects assembly quality and work performance.

7. Machine tool adjustment is complex and time-consuming, requiring adjustments to the bracket height, distance, and related process parameters for each replacement of workpieces with different diameters. Therefore, adjusting the technology is difficult and not suitable for small batch and single piece production.